The amended eIDAS regulation entered into force on 20 May 2024; the first implementing regulations entered into force on 24 December 2024, which set the clock: member states must provide at least one certified wallet by 24 December 2026, and private relying parties that are required to use strong user authentication (and very large online platforms) must accept it at the user's request by 24 December 2027.
The Architecture and Reference Framework (ARF) and the implementing acts fix the technology: credentials as SD-JWT VC and ISO mdoc, issuance with OpenID4VCI, presentation with OpenID4VP (remote) and ISO/IEC 18013-5 (proximity), wallet-unit attestations, registered relying parties with access certificates, and qualified electronic signatures from the wallet. Several national wallets are in production or pilots in 2026, at different stages.