NSS (Network Security Services)

事实及其依据的检查

以下内容均非抄自文档。检查脚本 content/libraries/verify/nss/run.sh 于2026年10月20日在容器镜像 alpine:3.24.2 中运行了 NSS (Network Security Services) 3.124；本页内容必须与它的输出一致，每条事实都列出了对应的输出行。

• ECDSA 签名编码

  der-or-raw

  SEC_SignData 返回严格的 DER；PK11_Sign 在 P-256 上返回 64 字节的原始 r‖s。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-signature-encoding = der-or-raw
  evidence ecdsa-signature-encoding: SEC_SignData output parses as strict DER: yes; PK11_Sign: 64 bytes (P-256 raw r||s is 64)

• ECDSA 的 nonce

  random

  同一条消息的两个 SEC_SignData 签名不同。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-nonce = random
  evidence ecdsa-nonce: two SEC_SignData signatures of one message are different

• 签名时的 low-S

  either

  s 没有经过规范化：64 个签名中出现了 high-S 值。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-low-s-sign = either
  evidence ecdsa-low-s-sign: signatures with s > n/2 among 64: yes

• 验证时的 high-S

  accepts-high-s

  把 s 替换为 n − s 的 DER 签名通过了 VFY_VerifyData 验证。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-low-s-verify = accepts-high-s

• 签名调用对哪些内容做哈希

  hashes-message-or-digest

  SEC_SignData 会先计算消息的哈希；PK11_Sign 对消息的 SHA-256 签名，得到的签名被 VFY_VerifyData 接受。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-prehash = hashes-message-or-digest
  evidence ecdsa-prehash: SEC_SignData hashes the message; PK11_Sign over SHA-256(message) verified with VFY_VerifyData: yes

• 摘要长于曲线的阶

  truncated

  PK11_Sign 在 P-256 上接受了 64 字节的摘要；签名针对其前 32 字节验证通过。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-long-input = truncated
  evidence ecdsa-long-input: PK11_Sign accepted a 64-byte digest; the signature verifies over its first 32 bytes: yes

• 哈希与曲线绑定

  none

  使用 SHA-256 的 ECDSA 在 P-384 密钥上签名和验证均成功。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-hash-curve-binding = none
  evidence ecdsa-hash-curve-binding: ECDSA with SHA-256 on a P-384 key: sign ok, verify ok

• 格式错误的 ECDSA 签名

  returns-error

  对于原始 r‖s 和 3 字节的数据，VFY_VerifyData 报错 SEC_ERROR_BAD_DER；对于错误的消息，则报错 SEC_ERROR_BAD_SIGNATURE。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-malformed-signature = returns-error
  evidence ecdsa-malformed-signature: VFY_VerifyData returned SECFailure with: raw r||s SEC_ERROR_BAD_DER, 3 bytes SEC_ERROR_BAD_DER, wrong message SEC_ERROR_BAD_SIGNATURE

• ECDSA 曲线

  P-256P-384P-521

  P-256、P-384 和 P-521；生成 P-224 和 secp256k1 密钥时返回 SEC_ERROR_INVALID_KEY。

  检查记录

  fact ecdsa-curves = P-256, P-384, P-521
  evidence ecdsa-curves: P-224: key generation SEC_ERROR_INVALID_KEY
  evidence ecdsa-curves: secp256k1: key generation SEC_ERROR_INVALID_KEY

• EdDSA

  Ed25519

  Ed25519 签名与验证成功，两次生成的签名完全相同；生成 Ed448 密钥时返回 SEC_ERROR_INVALID_KEY。

  检查记录

  fact eddsa = Ed25519
  evidence eddsa: Ed25519: keygen ok, sign and verify ok, deterministic yes
  evidence eddsa: Ed448 (OID 1.3.101.113): SEC_ERROR_INVALID_KEY

• 后量子算法

  ML-KEM

  ML-KEM-768 封装完成往返测试，密文为 1088 字节；生成 ML-DSA-65 密钥时返回 SEC_ERROR_INVALID_ALGORITHM，softoken 也不提供 SLH-DSA。

  检查记录

  fact pqc = ML-KEM
  evidence pqc: ML-KEM-768: ciphertext 1088 bytes, shared secrets match: yes
  evidence pqc: ML-DSA-65 key generation failed: SEC_ERROR_INVALID_ALGORITHM; CKM_ML_DSA_KEY_PAIR_GEN in the internal slot: no
  evidence pqc: CKM_SLH_DSA in the internal slot: no

用法

#include <cryptohi.h>
#include <keyhi.h>
#include <nss.h>
#include <pk11pub.h>
#include <secoid.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void) {
    NSS_NoDB_Init(NULL);
    /* EC key generation takes the curve OID, DER-encoded, as its parameter. */
    SECOidData *curve = SECOID_FindOIDByTag(SEC_OID_ANSIX962_EC_PRIME256V1);
    unsigned char oid[18] = {0x06, (unsigned char)curve->oid.len};
    memcpy(oid + 2, curve->oid.data, curve->oid.len);
    SECItem params = {siBuffer, oid, curve->oid.len + 2};
    PK11SlotInfo *slot = PK11_GetInternalSlot();
    SECKEYPublicKey *pub = NULL;
    SECKEYPrivateKey *priv = PK11_GenerateKeyPair(slot, CKM_EC_KEY_PAIR_GEN, &params, &pub, PR_FALSE, PR_FALSE, NULL);

    /* SEC_SignData hashes the message and returns DER; PK11_Sign would return raw r||s over a digest. */
    unsigned char msg[] = "order #1042 approved";
    SECItem sig = {siBuffer, NULL, 0};
    SEC_SignData(&sig, msg, sizeof msg - 1, priv, SEC_OID_ANSIX962_ECDSA_SHA256_SIGNATURE);
    SECStatus rv = VFY_VerifyData(msg, sizeof msg - 1, pub, &sig, SEC_OID_ANSIX962_ECDSA_SHA256_SIGNATURE, NULL);
    printf("DER tag: 0x%02x, verified: %s\n", sig.data[0], rv == SECSuccess ? "yes" : "no");

    SECITEM_FreeItem(&sig, PR_FALSE);
    SECKEY_DestroyPrivateKey(priv);
    SECKEY_DestroyPublicKey(pub);
    PK11_FreeSlot(slot);
    return NSS_Shutdown() == SECSuccess ? 0 : 1;
}